Showing posts with label Hobart Gaol. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hobart Gaol. Show all posts

A rich man called John DUNN, 1854 and a poor man called John DUNN, 1871

Rich men: John DUNN sr (MLC, banker) and John DUNN jnr (MP Dartmouth UK)
Poor man: John DUNN(e) aka James DEMPSEY (prisoner, larceny, forgery)
Mock the French: Camille del Sarte's arrival at Hobart from Paris



The Legislative Council Chamber today, where John Dunn's dinner was held, 17 March 1854
Copyright © Parliament of Tasmania
Link: https://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/legislative-council

John Dunn snr, MLC & John Dunn jnr, MP
Biography: https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/dunn-john-2009

On the 17th March, 1854, Captain Edward Goldsmith attended a farewell dinner to John Dunn (snr, 1790–1861), elected member of the City Council, who was returning temporarily to England on the Antipodes by reason of his wife's ill health. Various speeches delivered by attendees made reference to the end of convict transportation to the colony of Van Diemen's Land a year earlier; to the need for land grants as enticement to immigrants; and to the question of labourers acquiring agricultural land. In his own speech, John Dunn made reference to his support for the Dock Bill which would have had an impact on Captain Goldsmith's shipwright and patent slip construction. The comments regarding a "little foreign gentleman" which raised laughter were possibly directed at Monsieur Camille Del Sarte, a recently arrived musician from Paris. John Dunn snr died in Hobart in 1861. His son John Dunn jnr, M.P. for Dartmouth (UK), died of heat stroke on board the Mail Steamer in the Red Sea on the voyage to Hobart, reported by the Hobart Town Advertiser, 15 October 1860, page 2.

This vivid account, virtuosic in detail, of the dinner held to farewell John Dunn snr on his visit to England was published by the Hobart Courier, Monday, 20th March 1854:

TRANSCRIPT

FAREWELL DINNER TO MR. DUNN.
One hundred and four gentlemen, who, if all electors, would form the proportion of about 8 per cent, of those who profess to be Mr. Dunn's solo constituents, or not one-twentieth of the whole body of city electors, attended a dinner given to him on Friday evening last, at the Legislative Council Chamber, previous to his departure for England by the Antipodes. The dinner was conducted in excellent style, and the whole company appeared to enjoy the delicacies provided, and the abundance of champagne and other wines by which they were accompanied, with the utmost zest. At each end of the room and at the entrance were placed inscriptions in honour of Mr. Dunn; while a large banner, bearing the Tasmanian Arms, floated over the Chair, which was occupied by Alexander Orr, Esq.

The chamber-band of the 99th was in attendance, and accompanied the several toasts with appropriate airs. The health of Mr. John Dunn was followed by a piece of music, composed, at two-hours' notice, expressly for the occasion by Mr. Martin, the band-master. The new service of place, used for the first time at the dinner given to Mr, Hathaway, was also placed in requisition; and nothing in short was omitted that could contribute to the success of the proceedings and the satisfaction of all parties, officially or otherwise, connected with them. Among the guests of the evening, R Dry, Esq., Speaker of the Legislative Council, had been invited, but in consequence of indisposition was compelled to decline. Among the gentlemen present were Colonel Last, Drs. Bedford, Hadley, Brock, Crooke, and Rev. Dr. Fry ; the Attorney and Solicitor-General, Mr. Justice Horne, Robert Power, Esq., His Worship the Mayor, C. B. Brewer, Esq., R. Lewis, Esq., Rev. Mr. Buckland, Edward Macdowell, Esq., Captain Goldsmith, Messrs. Worley, Reeves, Guesdon, Meikle, Harbottle, Champion, Hamilton, Basstian, &

During the evening a letter was read by the Chairman from Colonel Despard, also an invited guest, in which that gentleman expressed his regret at being prevented by illness attending the occasion.

After the customary loyal toasts had been given and duly honoured, the Chairman gave "Our guest, John Dunn, Jun. Esq.," and observed that he did so with mingled feelings of pain mid pleasure; of pain, on account of the domestic affliction which compelled his absence; of pleasure, because those who supported him in his election, and who represented the wealth, influence, and respectability of the colony were there. assembled to do him honour. He felt but too happy to notice that scarcely a single individual had expressed disapprobation at Mr. Dunn's leaving for a short time. In order to ensure his return as soon as possible, he had taken his passage by the overland route; but should any unforeseen cause of delay occur, he ( Mr. Orr) felt assured that the kind feeling shown would induce him to rejoin them as soon as possible. He had observed that about 800 persons had signed an address to Mr. McNaughtan, expressing the opinion that if Mr. Dunn should retire, Mr. McNaughtan was a fit person to represent the city. He (Mr. Orr) had been made the subject of some remarks in one of the colonial papers, which remarks he could afford to pass over with supreme contempt. There was in the community a little foreign gentleman, who exercised a greater degree of liberty than the inhabitants themselves; if it were not for that little firebrand, all would be united into a happy family. (Great laughter.) In his own country he had observed, no doubt, a small combustible called an " allumette ;" and although himself a very small spark, if he could only get any one to blow the bellows, he would blow them all up. (Continued laughter.) He did not believe there was one man in Hobart Town who really would desire Mr. Dunn's retirement; but even if Mr. Dunn were to resign, he (Mr. Orr) was quite convinced that his re-election would be certain. After making some further allusions to Mr. Dunn's public and private character, and many hopes for his safe passage to England and the restoration to health of Mrs.Dunn, the toast was given and responded to with great and general acclamation,' an additional cheer' being elicited by the sentiment, " A happy"and a quick return."

Mr. Dunn, when some degree of silence was obtained, acknowledged the compliment with much apparent emotion. On the eve of departure, he had had to transact business with more than 300 people. The manner in which his health had been proposed and received was highly gratifying ; and equally so was it to meet so many of his constituents, and to receive such proofs of their approbation. For more than two years he had had the honour of being their representative, and had ever endeavoured, concientiously and honestly, to do his duty. When he entered the Council, he did so free, unfettered, and untrammelled, excepting only on the question of transportation. In redeeming his pledge on that question, he did not deem it his duty to infuse it with every other question that might emanate from the Government. In supporting the Dock Bill, he did so in behalf of the public at large, and therefore he supported it at the best of his ability ; and he believed that many who formerly opposed that measure were now fully convinced that it ought to have been carried; the principal merchants, the majority of the shipowners, the most influential inhabitants, in short, of Hobart Town, were in favour of it, and it was rejected as being some way connected with the transportation question! Respecting the vote of want of confidence in Sir Wm. Denison, while he deprecated his conduct on the subject of transportation, he could not " go the whole hog" in abusing him.... etc etc
Source: The Courier (Hobart, Tas. : 1840 - 1859) Mon 20 Mar 1854 Page 2 FAREWELL DINNER TO MR. DUNN.
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2243886
Obituary: THE LATE JOHN DUNN, ESQ. (1861, January 23). The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston, Tas.), p. 3.
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article65567682

One piece of land held by John Dunn in New Town was later known as the Old Race Course and included Sunderland St., Derwent Park Rd, Main Rd and Main Line railway.



Map - Buckingham 33 - plan of an estate belonging to John Dunn, New Town, New Town Rvt,
Hobart to Launceston road, race course
Source: Archives Office of Tasmania ADRI: AF396-1-36
Series: County Maps, 1810 - 1959 (AF396)

John Dunn, forger
This prisoner's mugshot was taken at the Hobart Gaol on incarceration in 1873 by commercial photographer and government contractor Thomas J. Nevin. It was reprinted on the prisoner's discharge in 1875, each print numbered verso for the Municipal Police Photo Books as "13 & 11".

In the late 1890s to the mid 1910s, this mugshot and more than 300 similar prisoner photographs were salvaged from inactive police and prison records by convictarian John Watt Beattie for display and sale to local and intercolonial tourists at his “Port Arthur Museum” located at 51 Murray Street, Hobart. To cater to his visitors’ adventures in dark tourism, especially for those seeking photographs of their criminal ancestors, he wrote the man’s name, his ship and the factually incorrect phrase “Taken at Port Arthur 1874” on the versos of hundreds of these cdv’s, some of which he reprinted and housed in alphabetical order in family albums. Film production on site at Port Arthur of two versions in 1909 and 1929 of Marcus Clarke’s novel For the Term of His Natural Life (1874) offered the tourist an opportunity to witness filming and even participate as extras. On Beattie’s death in 1930, at least three hundred of these prisoner mugshots from the 1870s, both original duplicates and later copies of the 1870s originals, were acquired by the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Launceston (Tas).

Fifty or so cdv's from Beattie's collection of Tasmanian "convict portraits" (as these photographs became known in the 20th century when exhibited on the walls of museum and art galleries) were removed from the QVMAG, Launceston in 1983 for display as part of the Port Arthur Development Project (at the former prison south of Hobart) and not returned. They were each numbered on the mount for relocation - for example, John Dunn's cdv was numbered "48" - and deposited instead at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart.



Recto inscription: number "48"
Prisoner John DUNN alias James DEMPSEY
Photographed by Thomas J. Nevin at the Hobart Gaol 1873-75
TMAG Ref: Q15585




Verso inscriptions: Numbers" 13 & 11"
"John Dunn alias Dempsey per Hydrabad 3"
"Taken at Port Arthur 1874" [incorrect]
Photographed by government contractor Thomas J. Nevin at the Hobart Gaol 1873-75
TMAG Ref: Q15585


Transportation and police records
John Dunn per Hydrabad 3 was 22 years old, a Roman Catholic, literate and with no previous convictions when he was imprisoned for stealing five heifers at Kildare, Ireland in March 1849. He was transported for 10 years in 1850 to the penal colony of Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania). In 1853 he received a ticket of leave, and a conditional pardon in 1854.



Name: Dunne, John
Record Type: Convicts
Departure date: 13 Sep 1850
Departure port: Queenstown
Ship: Hyderabad (3)
Voyage number: 332
Index number: 20661
Record ID: NAME_INDEXES:1389265
Archives Office Tasmania

1849-1854: John Dunn and James Dempsey
In 1854, John Dunn may have used the name of a fellow prisoner from Kildare, James Dempsey, as an alias for the purposes of obtaining work as a seaman in order to leave the colony for Melbourne. Both Dunn and Dempsey were from Kildare, both were sentenced on the same date, 10th March 1849, and both were transported for 10 years, though Dempsey travelled on the London (2).

1871-1875: John Dunn alias James Dempsey
Nothing further was heard from John Dunn until he was sentenced on 28 December 1871 to 4 years for uttering a forged cheque. The press reported the case briefly on 10 Nov 1871 in this article:

TRANSCRIPT

POLICE COURT. LAUNCESTON. Wednesday 8th Nov., 1871
(Before Thomas Mason Esq. P. M.)
FORGERY.— John Dunne alias James Dempsey was brought up on remand from the 1st instant, charged with uttering a forged cheque for £6 13s 10d.
Mr Robert George Horne of Deloraine deposed that he had no account at the Commercial Bank, and the signature "Robert Horne" to the cheque for £6 13s 10d produced was not his, he signed "R. G. Horne"; the prisoner's face was familiar to him but he knew no more of him than that; he found the prisoner had been in his employ at sometime or other.
Mr Ritchard Thompson, assistant in the shop of Messrs. Farrelly Brothers, deposed that the prisoner tendered the cheque to him on the 27th October in payment for goods selected, to the amount of 34s; the cheque purported to be signed by Robert Horne in favour of James Dempsey; asked him if it was Robert Horne of Deloraine and prisoner said "yes"; Mr B Farrelly took the cheque to make enquries and while he was away the prisoner went several times to the door and left before Mr Farrelly returned; he had never seen the prisoner before that day.
Mr J. Lagor deposed that the prisoner called at his shop on the 27th October and wanted to buy two shirts and a pair of trousers, and to pay by a cheque for £5.9s, purporting to have been signed by Robert Horne, and drawn in favor of James Dempsey. He did not like the look of the cheque and gave it back to the prisoner.
Mr. Cathcart deposed that there was no person by the name of Horne who had an account at the Commercial Bank on the 27th October.
Serg. Coghlan in his evidence detailed how he, with District Constable Murphy, had traced the prisoner to a hut at Piper River and had arrested him there. He denied having been to Messrs Farrelly's establishment buying clothes.
The prisoner said he had nothing to say at present and no witnesses to call.
He was then committed for trial.
Source: Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston, Tas.), Friday 10 November 1871, page 2
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article67111798

John Dunn aka James Dempsey was arrested for trying to to buy two shirts and a pair of trousers with cheques forged with his former employer's signature. When he was arrested he was wearing "a diagonal ribbed blue sacque coat, grey striped trousers, and black hat." The sacque coat, fashionable in the 1860s-70s was so-called because it was loose-fitting, but by the 1880s to 1900s coats and matching trousers became narrowly-fitted, cut closer to the body. This example of a loose-fitting sacque coat was worn by Mr Wright, a Templar, when he posed standing next to Thomas J. Nevin's big table-top stereograph viewer, ca. 1870.



Subject: A Loyal United Lodge member in ceremonial apron with a gold medal on lapel, perhaps Mr. Wright visiting from Brisbane, 1870 for the Lodge anniversary
Posed with hand resting on Nevin's table top stereograph viewer
Photographer: Thomas J. Nevin, 140 Elizabeth St; Hobart
Details: hand tinted carte-de-visite placed inside an album leaf frame
Copyright © The Lucy Batchelor Collection 2009 (scans courtesy of the Bishop family)


Warrant and arrest: police gazette notices



TRANSCRIPT

LAUNCESTON. - On the 28th ultimo, by Thomas Mason, Esq., J. P. , for the arrest of James Depmsey, charged with having on the 27th ultimo, at Launceston, feloniously uttered a certain forged order for the payment of £6.13s.10d., with intent to defraud.

Description
About 35 years old, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, fresh complexion, fair hair; wore a diagonal ribbed blue sacque coat, grey striped trousers, and black hat.



Warrant for arrest of John Dunn, known to police only as James Dempsey on 3 November 1871:

TRANSCRIPT
James Dempsey, proper name Dunne, per Hydrabad 2, has been arrested by D. C. Murphy and Sergeant Coghlan, of the Selby Territorial Police.
Proper name John Dunne (e), arrest published in the police gazette the same day, 3 Nov 1871.
Source: Tasmania Reports of Crime for Police, J. Barnard, Gov't printer

John Dunn was sent to the Port Arthur prison on 17 February 1872. Nearly two years later, he was transferred to the House of Corrections, Hobart Gaol on 29 December 1873 where he was photographed by government contractor T. J. Nevin. On the 7 June 1875 John Dunn "or James Dempsey" was discharged from Hobart, the residue of his four year sentence remitted.



John Dunn as James Dempsey
Discharged 11 June 1875
Source: Tasmania Reports of Crime for Police, J. Barnard Gov't Printer

John Dunn or James Dempsey per Hydrabad 3 was sentenced on 28 December 1871 to 4 years for uttering a forged cheque. When he was discharged from the Hobart Gaol on 11th June 1875, this police gazette notice recorded his native place as Kildare (Ireland), his age at 41 yrs old, height at 5 feet 5 inches in height, with brown hair and a scar on forehead. He was FS (free in servitude).

He was charged with being drunk and incapable at Launceston on 1 Feb 1876 and fines 10/s
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37139448

On 25 August 1881 he was tried for larceny at the Supreme Court Launceston. This record makes no mention of his alias "James Dempsey" although it was recorded by police by the time he was discharged in 1875.

1881: John Dunn(e)
In 1881 John Dunn was sentenced to 12 months for larceny at the Supreme Court Launceston (Tas), and discharged on 8 October 1882.

The press reported the incident which led to the charge, the trial and sentencing:

TRANSCRIPT
Larceny as a Bailee.-John Dunne alias Dempsey was brought up on remand, charged with having, on the night of the 2nd inst., appropriated to his own use £25, entrusted to his charge by Charles Booth Bartley.
Charles Booth Bartley, a miner, deposed that on'the 2nd of June he left Launceston on  his way to the Denison gold diggings; on the road he called in at the Junction Inn; shortly after witness arrived the prisoner came in ; witness knew him, as he had formerly worked as a carpenter for his (witness's) brother; previous to retiring to bed witness gave the prisoner £25 in notes to take charge of ; there was four £5 notes and five £1 notes in the bundle; a man named Knight was in the room when witness gave the accused the money; the landlord of the inn was absent when the cash was entrusted to Dunne's charge, but he returned some time afterwards, and witness informed him of what he had done; subsequently he asked the prisoner for the money back, in order to deliver it over to the care of the land- lord ; he refused to do so, remarking it would be as safe with him as in charge of the landlord; witness did not press the request, as he had every confidence in him; in the morning he discovered the accused had gone during the night, taking the money with him.
To the prisoner - Recollected the money being placed in a box, and may have objected to its being put there ; did not remember stuffing the sum into prisoner's boots for safety.
By the Bench - Could not swear whether or not the accused was suffering from delirium tremens, but he appeared in his sober senses.
James Knight, a farmer, residing at Piper River, remembered being at the Junction Inn on the 2nd inst; the prisoner was there, and witness saw Mr Bartley give him some money to take care of until the next morning ; was not aware what the amount was, but heard it was £25 ; witness slept in the same room as the prisoner that night; some time in the night he heard Dunne asking for matches, and when witness awoke in the morning he was gone.
Robert Smiley, landlord of the Junction Inn, deposed that the prisoner entered his service on the 11th May and left on the 2nd inst. ; remembered Mr Bartley asking him to witness his giving the money in charge to the prisoner ; heard Dunne say he could keep the money as well as the landlord could; he was employed by witness as a rough carpenter, and had not half completed his contract when he left.
The prisoner was committed to take his trial at the next sittings of the Supreme Court.

Source: LAUNCESTON POLICE COURT. (1881, June 28). Launceston Examiner (Tas), p. 3.
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38223806

John Dunn was admitted to the Launceston Invalid Depot and discharged at his own request in 1888.
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL709-1-22/POL709-1-22_1888p173

Death not recorded.



Dunne, John
Record Type: Court
Status: Free by servitude
Trial date: 1 Jul 1881
Place of trial: Launceston
Offense: Larceny
Verdict: Guilty
Prosecutions Project ID: 119242
Record ID: NAME_INDEXES:1589083
Archives Office Tasmania

RELATED POSTS main weblog

Mugshots of Women Prisoners, Tasmania 1897-1910

Elizabeth ORLANDO, murder charge and MUGSHOT
Booking shots of WOMEN in hats, 1890s-1910, HOBART GAOL
MARION camera, Hobart Gaol 1890s

Marion Camera Hobart Gaol 1900s

Marion's Excelsior Camera, 22 & 23 Soho Sq., London WW1D 3QR
The firm operated from this address between c.1866 - 1913.
Held at Penitentiary Chapel Historic Site, Campbell St., site of the former Hobart Gaol and Supreme Court.
Photos copyright © KLW NFC 2015 ARR

This camera was used by the (as yet) unidentified photographer at the Hobart Gaol from the 1890s. Prior to the 1890s, prisoners were photographed by Constable John Nevin who was resident and salaried at H.M. Gaol until his death from typhoid fever in 1891, working with his brother, commercial photographer, government contractor and civil servant Thomas J. Nevin who attended the gaol and Supreme Court Oyer and Terminer sessions on a monthly and quarterly roster. One of two rooms used by the photographers at the Hobart Gaol was located above the women's laundry. Before it was demolished in 1915, government contractor John Watt Beattie salvaged the majority of photographs taken by Thomas J. Nevin in the 1870s from the laundry and the Sheriff's Office. He displayed them at his "Port Arthur Museum", located in Hobart, and toured them at intercolonial exhibitions from the Royal Hotel, Sydney, 1916 in conjunction with convictaria exhibited on the floating museum, the fake convict ship Success.

1897: Elizabeth Orlando aka Eliza Poole
In 1887 Elizabeth Orlando stabbed to death her husband Victor Orlando at the breakfast table in Mrs Parker's lodging house, Campbell St. Hobart, Tasmania. She was sentenced to life in prison. She was previously known to police as Eliza Poole, charged with minor offences.

1887: sentenced to life

TRANSCRIPT
THE INQUEST.
An inquest touching the death of Victor Orlander, or Orlando, was hold this afternoon before Mr. P. W. Mitchell, coroner, and a jury of seven, of whom Mr. G. F. Hiddlestone was foreman.

The jury viewed the body, after which the following evidence was elicited.
Dr. C. J. Parkinson deposed that the cause of deceased's death was loss of blood from a deep wound behind the left ear.
Mrs. Mary Parker deposed she was proprietress of Parker's lodging-house in Campbell-street, where she resided with her husband; deceased and his wife had been staying in witness's lodgings; last Monday week deceased went there alone and lodged, and the following Monday his wife went there also; and they boarded and lodged together until that morning; they sometimes quarrelled they would go out sober and return under the influence of drink, and then quarrelled. Mrs. Orlander used to aggravate deceased, who seemed a very quiet man; on Thursday night they quarrelled more than usual, and thinking they had better be separated, witness between 12 p.m. and 1 am. that morning separated them, taking Mrs. Orlander into her own room and leaving deceased down stairs; when witness arose at 8 that morning deceased and his wife had left the house; at 8.45 they returned deceased went into the kitchen and asked for breakfast; so did accused; the table was already laid, knives, forks etc., being upon it; Orlander and his wife were sitting at the table, the wife being on his left hand; upon Mrs. Orlander also asking for breakfast, deceased said three times -" No, she shall not have any;" witness said to Mrs. Orlander, "Take no notice, he is only joking;" she then served Mrs. Orlander's breakfast, and then turned her back to where they were sitting, in order to attend to the household work at another table; she next went to the door, and was going to an adjoining room, when, hearing a scuffle, she turned round, and saw Mrs. Orlander with a table knife in her hand, though still sitting down; she appeared to be prodding deceased in the neck; witness thought at first that Mrs. Orlander was doing this for a lark, but on the third thrust she noticed blood spurt, and exclaimed, "Oh my God, the man is stabbed ;" she could not say that at the first or second thrust the knife entered deceased's neck, but she saw the third thrust enter the flesh, and saw Mrs. Orlander pull the knife out from the wound; a man named Clark was in the room at the same time, sitting at another table; witness raised the alarm, and some lodgers came out of an adjoining room, and took deceased to the hospital; deceased said nothing; nor made any noise whatever; witness took the knife, which was stained for 4in. in blood and wiped it; she subsequently gave it to the police; after deceased was removed Mrs. Orlander was like a mad woman about the house, and in ten minutes time went up stairs where she remained until the police came; when deceased came in to breakfast they did not appear much under the influence of drink : they knew what they were doing; the wife appeared more sober than the husband, who was perhaps half drunk; she had never heard Mrs. Orlander use any threats or acts of violence against her husband beyond the fact that she would strike him, which she did with her closed hand.
To the Coroner - No time elapsed between the three thrusts; they being made immediately after each other.
John Edwards deposed he was a licensed victualler residing at Bothwell; he knew Mrs. Orlander for between four and five years, and deceased for about three or four years; deceased was a labourer; they lived together as man and wife at Bothwell, where they were married three years ago; they were absent from Bothwell for 11 months, but returned to Bothwell three months ago; they lived a very unhappy life ; witness attributed their unhappiness to drink on the part of the wife; he never knew any violence occur between them;; he saw them together in Bothwell about 16 days ago; Mrs. Orlander there received a sentence of 14 days imprisonment for abusive language towards another female, and was sent to the Hobart lock-up; deceased remained in Bothwell for two or three days, and then witness missed him; he next saw them together on Thursday morning, about 10 o'clock, in a hotel in the city; he saw them again that (Friday) morning; between 8 and 9 that morning deceased was walking up Campbell-street towards Parker's lodging-house; he appeared to be perfectly sober; witness also saw Mrs. Orlander sitting in the bar of Clay's Union hotel smoking a pipe, and she seemed to be quite stupid from drink; he had often seen her in liquor; when in that condition she seemed to become perfectly mad.
John Clark, a labourer, deposed he lodged and boarded in Parker's lodging house; he was in the same room as the Orlander's when they were having breakfast that morning, but he was not observing them; hearing Mrs. Parker scream, he looked round and saw Mrs .Orlander draw a knife away from the neck of deceased, from which blood was spurting.
Richard Webb, a cook lodging at Parker's lodging-house, deposed to that morning hearing cries of "she has stabbed him" repeated twice, coming from the direction of the kitchen ; he hurried to the spot, and saw deceased sitting at the table and blood issuing from a severe wound in the neck, and also from his mouth; he then, with the assistance of others, conveyed him to the hospital.
Mr . P. Pedder, superintendent of police, deposed to arresting Mrs. Orlander at Parker's house. She was in a half stupid state; there was a quantity of blood on her hands; with Constable Chomley he took her to the police-station ; she asked where her husband was; witness replied that her husband was dead, and he would charge her with the murder; she became distressed and said her husband had been kind to her.
This concluded the evidence, and the coroner summed up. The jury, after a few moments retirement, returned a verdict of " guilty of manslaughter." Mrs Orlander was present during the taking of the evidence but asked no questions . The inquiry commenced at 4.30 pm. and terminated at 8 pm.

PRESS REPORTS
THE INQUEST. (1887, February 26). Launceston Examiner (Tas. : 1842 - 1899) p. 3.
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39527652
SHOCKING TRAGEDY. (1887, February 26). Launceston Examiner (Tas. : 1842 - 1899), p. 3.
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39527649

1897: sentence commuted
Elizabeth Orlando aka Eliza Poole was tried and imprisoned for murder at the Supreme Court Hobart, sentenced to life on 29 March 1887. Her Hobart Gaol rap sheet shows she was photographed (in prison dress) on 22 December 1897 and discharged on 23 December 1897. The photo's registration number was "793" and dated "22 .12. 97". The annotation in red ink at the foot on this record, not quite legible, is - Dis ? charged to the Probation - ? Launceston - see "Ticket of Leave".

Elizabeth Orlando prisoner Tasmania 1897



Orlando, Elizabeth identical with Eliza Poole
Record Type: Prisoners
Year: 1895-1897
Record ID:NAME_INDEXES:1450014
Resource: GD128/1/2
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Record/NamesIndex/1450014

1890s: discharged but "Photo not taken"
In this Hobart Gaol series - Book No. 1 GD63/2/1 - the records of men and women prisoners showing their discharge dates in the 1890s are listed in the same volume. Many of the men's records include a full-frontal mugshot with arms folded across their chest.

The women's records have a pencilled note written in the Remarks column - "Photo not taken" - which may have been written years, even decades later, including this record for Elizabeth Orlando aka Eliza Poole dated 22 December 1897.Yet she was photographed on discharge, as the record above clearly shows. A number of women, and a few were violent offenders like Elizabeth Orlando, must have been photographed on admission and discharge from the Hobart Gaol in the 1870s-1890s, but their photographs are yet to surface. Elizabeth Orlando's photograph has survived probably because she was released on probation with a ticket-of-leave. The last contemporary note in the Remarks column on her record states: "To freedom by Ticket of leave: 22 December 1897."



Discharged: prisoner Elizabeth Orlando
Pencilled inscription: Remarks - "Photo not taken"
Murder conviction SC on 29 March 1887, sentenced to life, commutation
"To freedom by Ticket of leave: 22 December 1897"
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/GD63-2-1/GD63-2-1P146JPG

1906-8: women prisoners in hats
Mugshots taken of women imprisoned at the Hobart Gaol were commonplace by the early 1900s. They were routinely photographed even if their sentence was little more than a week, a fortnight or month, and for the most minor offences such as indecent language and riotous behaviour.  The pose and dress of the prisoner in these series differ only slightly. Many wore their own hats, some wore the prison standard issue striped dress and straw boater. The dress code of the era proscribed a hat as a customary item of clothing, a social marker of personality and propriety, and retained as such to aid further identification in booking shots. Clearly, by this decade, the Bertillon method of posing the prisoner for two photographs, one in profile and one full-frontal facing the camera, was conventional procedure, augmented with a numerical classification of the prisoner's fingerprints. 

SERIES (1904-5):
Archives Office of Tasmania POL708-1-1
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Record/Archives/POL708-1-1



Prisoner Susan Brooks, or Williams
Photo: Inscribed Susannah Brooks, 19-6-1912, i.e. dated 19 June 1912
Discharged from the Hobart Gaol 26 April 1913, record date 12 May 1913
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-3/POL708-1-3P08JPG

In this series for the years 1906-1908, the booking shot in many cases showed each woman still dressed in her own clothes and wearing her own hat in profile, but bare-headed for the full-frontal pose. Some showed the backs of their hands if tattooed. Mugshots taken two years earlier, in the years 1904 and 1905, showed women already wearing the striped prison dress, no hats, in both the full frontal and profile shots.



Prisoner May Evans, sentenced to 7 days for indecent language, Hobart Police Office
Date when photo was taken: 28 April 1908, stamped 26 May 1908
Link:https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P19J2K


MORE EXAMPLES:
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P35J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P76J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P89J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P107J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P136J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P147J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P149J2K



Prisoner Lily Lavelle, prostitution, riotous behaviour
Photo dated 28 August 1905, discharge stamped 1 Feb 1907
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P150J2K

MORE EXAMPLES
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P154J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P161J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P208J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P226J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P237J2K 1905 no hat prison dress 
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P258J2K ditto



Prisoner Margaret Steele, sentences from 1902 to 1905
Photo dated 1st April 1905, wearing prison dress
Record: POL708-1-1P278J2K

MORE EXAMPLES
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P278J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P279J2K ditto
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P286J2K
Link: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/POL708-1-1/POL708-1-1P304J2K 1904 no hat prison dress

ANOTHER SERIES
Series: GD63 PRISONERS RECORD BOOKS.
Item Number: GD63/1/1 (Book No. 2).
Further Description: Start Date: 01 Jan 1892. End Date: 31 Dec 1894
Link:https://stors.tas.gov.au/GD63-1-1



Prisoner Ellen Wilson alias Jones, sentences between 1893 and November 1919
Photo dated 10 January 1910
Record: GD63-1-1P747




Prisoner Isabella Keating, sentences from 1894 to 1914
Photo dated 1911 wearing prison dress and hat
Record: GD63-1-1P427




Prisoner Harriet Hardwicke or Cooper, sentences from 1994 to 1906
Photo dated 15 October 1906
Record: GD63-1-1P432




Prisoner Margaret Smith, sentences from 1892 to 1907
Photo dated 11 February 1907
Record: GD63-1-1P011




Prisoner Ann Kegan, sentences 1990 and 1993
The photo has been removed.
Record: GD63-1-1P248


"YOU MUST PROVE US PROSTITUTES"
Michael Lennen wrote this letter to the Superintendent of Police in May 1876 about two "little prostitutes" soliciting "boys" in Goulburn Street, Hobart Town. He claimed the girls were known - not only to him because one lived next door and the other opposite - they were also "well-known to all the men in the force" . Since, as he claimed, one of the girls called Lilias lived in a brothel, that brothel was either next to his house or opposite in the same street. His intention might have been to suggest to the Superintendent of Police that he was witness to policemen frequenting the brothel at their personal pleasure. Possibly, or simply that he wanted the two girls arrested, the brothel shut down, and peace restored to his street. All he needed, quoting the girls themselves - "you must prove us prostitutes" - was proof. If not proven, they could be charged with "riotous behaviour" and "indecent language", or being "idle and disorderly", sentenced to 7 days, a fortnight or a month in prison. The weekly police gazettes - Tasmania Reports of Crime for Police - do record a handful of female teenagers with these offences who faced court in Hobart from May to November 1876.

Letter to police 1876

TRANSCRIPT (punctuation not the writer's strongpoint) 

1876
Michael Lennen

Hobart Town
Monday 15 May 1876

Sir
I have to report for your information that I was in Goulburn street on Monday the 8th May I saw two females misconducting themselves I cautioned them I said you little prostitutes get away from this and let the boys go about their business they answered you must prove us prostitutes I said I could easily do that I have had to speak to yous on many occasions they then went away I know the girl Lilias to live in a brothel and they are both bad characters



TRANSCRIPT cont ...

well known to all the men in the force I make this statement as truth as one lives next door to me and the other opposite

Yours most Respectfully
Michael Lennen

The superintendant
of Police
Hobart Town

Source: Draft Minutes of the Police Committee
MCC16/63/1/1
9 Nov 1867-17 Feb 1879
Accessed 31 March 2014
Archives Office of Tasmania
Photos copyright © KLW NFC Imprint 2014

Women detained under the Licensing Act, UK 1902.
Whether in Tasmania or London or Birmingham, women prisoners were uniformly photographed wearing their own hats in the first decade of the 20th century. These women were processed under the Metropolitan Police District Habitual Drunkards Licensing Act 1902.





Sources: Library of Birmingham and National Archives UK
Link:https://www.search.birminghamimages.org.uk/details.aspx?ResourceID=11596

Prisoner Thomas RYAN 1867-1877

Tasmanian government contractors Thomas J. NEVIN and Samuel PAGE
Prisoner identification photographs, Tasmania, 1870s.

Soho Square native Thomas Ryan was 26 yrs old when he was convicted at London Central Criminal Court in 1849 to serve ten years for stealing money, so his birth date if calculated from 1849 was ca. 1823. He arrived at Hobart, Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania) on board the Oriental Queen in 1853, his occupation listed as blacksmith's striker.

The weekly police gazettes have dozens of notices of arrests, convictions and discharges for men with the name "Thomas Ryan" but very few for the subject of this photograph, Thomas Ryan per Oriental Queen. He is not to be confused with a much younger offender, 16 yr old Thomas Ryan, a Queen's Asylum apprentice who absconded from the service of Edward Haley, Dromedary (Tas) on 17 April 1868 (b. 1852). Nor with another Thomas Ryan, seaman, 22 years old in 1875 (b. 1853), who served 3 months for stealing an oilskin coat, whose name appears as "Bryan" and "Bryant" in some police and press notices. Another Thomas Ryan alias Kennedy per Ratcliffe, an Irishman from Cork with no distinguishing marks was 45 yrs old in 1875 (b. 1830) when he served one month for being idle and disorderly. Questions then arise as to the identity and/or aliases of the man in prisoner clothing in this photograph, why his conviction merited a mugshot, and where and when he was photographed.

Prisoner Thomas Ryan's mugshot





Prisoner RYAN, Thomas
Photographer: Thomas J. Nevin
Taken at the Hobart Gaol, 1873-4
Recto "126": Verso: Oriental Queen [ship]
TMAG Collection Ref: Q15593 ex QVMAG Beattie Collection

The recto of this mugshot was numbered "126" below the photograph on the mount when it was catalogued at the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Launceston, on accession from the estate of convictarian collector John Watt Beattie in the early 1930s. The cdv with this number is now listed as missing from Beattie's collection at the QVMAG. It was removed and taken to the Port Arthur Heritage site for an exhibition in 1983 and deposited at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart, along with another fifty (50) or so of these prisoner cdv's exhibited as the work of Thomas J. Nevin at the QVMAG in 1977, instead of being re-united with the other 250 or so mugshots in Beattie's collection. Those fifty or so mugshots by Thomas Nevin now held at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery including this one of Thomas Ryan are viewable on this weblog here (but not online at the TMAG) : Rogues Gallery: the TMAG Collection

The verso states simply the name of the prisoner "Thomas Ryan" and the ship "Oriental Queen" on which he was transported. The verso of this mugshot escaped the archivist who wrote "Taken at Port Arthur 1874" in the 1900s on the backs of hundreds of these 1870s mugshots held at the National Library of Australia (NLA), the QVMAG and the TMAG (all are copies or duplicates of the single sitting with Nevin from his negative). Unlike most of these cdv's,  the inscription appears on the vertical instead of horizontal orientation of the verso. The backing shows a pattern similar to others where the photograph was removed from where it had once been pasted to carboard (the blue criminal rap sheet and photo book) or to calico which Nevin used when sending photographs through the mail.

This prisoner was photographed at the Hobart Gaol by government contractor Thomas J. Nevin in 1873-4. There is no suggestion on the markings of this photograph that the prisoner was photographed at Port Arthur, nor are there records of earnings by a prisoner named Thomas Ryan at Port Arthur in the years 1873-1876 (1873 -76 CON94-1-2 AOT) although the name appears among those who were relocated from Port Arthur back to the Hobart Gaol along with the majority of colonial prisoners from July 1873 onwards with Parliament's call for the immediate closure of Port Arthur. Is this the same prisoner?

Prisoner Thomas Ryan's transportation records
Archives Office Tasmania
https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Record/NamesIndex/1431623
Ryan, Thomas
Record Type: Convicts
Employer: Hudson, Joseph: 1853; Dixon, James: 1855
Property: Port Arthur Penal Station
Departure date: 4 Nov 1852
Departure port: Plymouth
Ship: Oriental Queen
Voyage number: 360
Police number: 27779
Index number: 61843
Record ID: NAME_INDEXES:1431623




Source: https://stors.tas.gov.au/CON33-1-114$init=CON33-1-114p211



Source: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/CON14-1-47/CON14-1-47_00100_L
Source: https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/CON14-1-47/CON14-1-47_00101_L

Prisoner Thomas Ryan's police gazette records
This offense dated 1867 is one of several short sentences of three months or less recorded in the weekly police gazettes for this individual Thomas Ryan per Oriental Queen. A conviction in the Supreme Court would likely mean a mugshot was taken, but this Thomas Ryan, sentenced only to 3 months in a regional lock-up (Ross), was not photographed there.



Source: Tasmania Reports of Crime for Police Gov't printer J. Barnard

Thomas Ryan, native place London, 32 yrs old, 5ft 6½ins tall, wreath and bird right arm, per Oriental Queen to colony, was discharged at Launceston from a sentence of 3 months on 18 January 1867 for being idle and disorderly. He was sentenced at Ross (Tas) on 24 Oct 1866. Five years later his name appears again in the police gazettes, charged on 23 December 1870 with larceny, sentenced to three months at Longford  and discharged on 29 March 1871. His age was given as 40yrs old.



Source: Tasmania Reports of Crime for Police Gov't printer J . Barnard

Thomas Ryan per Ol Queen [Oriental Queen] was discharged in March 1871 but just a few months later, on 1st June 1871, he was convicted at the Supreme Court Launceston for feloniously receiving. He was sentenced to 7 years.



Court record: Thomas Ryan and his accomplice Samuel Smith were tried on 22 April 1871 for housebreaking and receiving.
Guilty verdict. Thomas Ryan was sentenced to 7yrs imprisonment, Samuel Smith to 4yrs.
Archives Office Tasmania AB693-1-1 1871 - The Prosecutions Project
Source:https://libraries.tas.gov.au/Digital/AB693-1-1/AB693-1-1_097

Details of the crime and sentence passed on Thomas Ryan and Smith were published in the Cornwall Advertiser Tuesday 6 June 1871, page 2:

HOUSEBREAKING. Thomas Ryan and Samuel Smith were charged with breaking and entering into the dwelling house of Elizabeth Stobie Pegus, in Lord street, and stealing a blanket, counterpane, a gold eye-glass and other articles; on a second count they were charged with receiving the same.
Mrs Pegus left home on the morning of 11th May, to into town, and on her return about five in the afternoon she found a pane of glass in the window broken and the window-sash up. She searched the house, and missed some of her clothes off her bed. The prisoner Smith had breakfast at her house that morning; and Ryan had been seen during the day in the vicinity of the house. A witness had seen the prisoner examining a bundle in an unfrequented street; and Prisoner Smith offered for sale property like that stolen. The jury found Smith guilty on the first count, and Ryan on the second.

Source: HOUSEBREAKING. (1871, June 6). Cornwall Advertiser (Launceston) p. 2.
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232999744

On a document dated 10 June 1873 and tabled in Parliament as "Nominal Return of all prisoners sent to Port Arthur since its transfer to the Colonial government", prisoner Thomas Ryan was listed with these details, although the date of his arrival there is not readily retrievable:

Ryan, Thomas 39 yrs old convicted on 1 June 1871 at the Supreme Court Launceston for feloniously receiving. He was sentenced to 7 years.

All sentences of longer than three months passed in Launceston meant transfer to the Hobart Gaol. The press reported Thomas Ryan's transfer from Launceston to Hobart in 1871 in the company of other prisoners, most likely on board government contractor Sam Page's Royal Mail coach, a photograph of which Nevin produced for government records (see below).

ARRIVAL OF PRISONERS - The prisoners convicted at the recent criminal sitting of the Supreme Court at Launceston arrived here by the coach last evening. Alfred Maldon, who shot Constable Eddie, at Launceston, and received sentence of ten years; Michael O'Brien, who was sentenced to two years' imprisonment, for maliciously breaking about fifty squares of of glass in Dr. Milner's house at Launceston ; Thomas Duncan, sentenced to five years for house-breaking, and Thomas Ryan, seven years for feloniously receiving, were the prisoners. By the same coach a diminutive little fellow ten years of age, who received a sentence of ten days for stealing some tobacco and 10lbs. of mutton at the West Tamar, arrived here to undergo a term of five years' detention at the reformatory.

Source: Mercury (Hobart, Tas. : 1860 - 1954), Saturday 10 June 1871, page 2
Link: https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8867722

These four prisoners may have been photographed at the Hobart Gaol by Thomas J. Nevin in the days after their arrival in 1871, but as Nevin's commission to begin the systematic photographing of prisoners commenced six months later, in February 1872, his photographs of these men were more likely taken on their relocation back to the Hobart House of Corrections and discharge from the Mayor's Court in the mid 1870s.

Alfred Malden/Maldon's mugshot 1874
New York native Alfred Malden was one of Thomas Ryan's companions on the coach trip south from Launceston to the Hobart Gaol in June 1871 (with armed constables). The early 1900s transcription on the versos of Malden's cdv's show two versions of his name (Malden/Maldon) and his ship of arrival in Tasmania as the Tamar (mis-spelt). The transcriber's use of the generic date "1874", and the generic place of imprisonment as "Port Arthur" was written when these cdv's were removed from prisoner rap sheets and police office photo books for display and sale in the name of early 20th century dark tourism. In many, many instances, this same date and place systematically transcribed across the versos of hundreds of these prisoner cdvs forty (40) years after their original use in police hands do not reflect the facts of the prisoner's criminal history at the time he was photographed. Malden's records show he was sent to Port Arthur a month after processing at the Hobart Gaol in 1871, and returned to the Hobart Gaol in 1873 where he was discharged from the House of Corrections on 10 January 1874. His sentence of ten years passed in 1871 was reduced on discharge in 1874 on condition he leave the colony of Tasmania. Two copies of T. J. Nevin's single capture of prisoner Alfred Maldon/Malden are held at the National Library of Australia (Canberra); one is held at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (Hobart).



Prisoner Alfred Maldon [Malden]
Photographed by T. J. Nevin, Hobart, July 1873-February 1874
TMAG Ref: 15619





Two mounted cdv duplicates and versos from single sitting with prisoner Alfred Malden/Maldon
Photographed by T. J. Nevin, Hobart, July 1873-February 1874
Photo taken at the National Library of Australia, 6 Feb 2015
Photos copyright © KLW NFC 2015

As assurance to the Parliament, one hundred and nine (109) names of convicts who were sent to Port Arthur from the Hobart Gaol from the year 1871 at the discretion of the Hobart Gaol Sheriff Thomas Reidy were officially tabled in Parliament on July 15th 1873 as soon as the resolution was passed in the House of Assembly to immediately close the prison at Port Arthur and transfer the prisoners there back to the Hobart Gaol. Thomas Nevin's earlier contract with the Lands and Survey Department dating from 1868 was extended to provide the Parliament with their photographs.

Of those one hundred and nine (109) prisoners originally sent from the Hobart Gaol to Port Arthur after 1871 - the "Port Arthur convicts" as they became known in the mid 20th century - sixty (60) had already been transferred back to the Hobart Gaol by October 1873. On arrival at the Hobart Gaol, they were photographed in standard issue prison clothing by contractor T. J. Nevin on being processed or "received". His photographs of a number of these transferred prisoners taken in 1873 were duplicated and sent back to the Port Arthur prison administration during the last weeks of A. H. Boyd's incumbency as Commandant.

Many of the prisoners' names on that list, tabled in Parliament on 15th July 1873, tally with the names (and aliases) of the prisoners whose photographs survive in public collections. Many of those same names appear again on the list tabled in Parliament in 1875 as the Report of the Commission into Penal Discipline, viz. the "convict portraits" identified by name held at the National Library of Australia (84), most of which are copies and exact duplicates of the prisoner photographs by T. J. Nevin held at the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery (72), the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (56), the Mitchell Library SLNSW (13), and the State Library of Tasmania (10).



Source: Tasmania Reports of Crime for Police Gov't printer J . Barnard

Thomas Ryan was convicted of further offenses into the late 1870s, using the alias Thomas Williams when tried at Hobart on 12 January 1877 for being idle and disorderly.

Royal Mail Coach 1874 photo by T. J. Nevin

Photograph by T.J. Nevin of contractor Sam Page's Royal Mail coach 1874
The figure of coach painter Tom Davis and Burdon's company name were painted out.
QMAG Collection Ref: 1987_P_0220.


The verso of this photograph carries T. J. Nevin's Royal Arms colonial warrant stamp used for government work.

RELATED POSTS main weblog

Beware AI generated images of your criminal ancestors!

Eugenicist Hamish Maxwell-Stewart's AI fake photographs of 19th century Tasmanian convicts
Breaches of Moral Rights and Copyright of heritage property using AI generated data
Thomas J. Nevin's real photographs/mugshots of Tasmanian prisoners taken in the 1870s-1880s.



Source of talk at the National Family History Month - Opening Ceremony
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=av_9D3mZ3wQ
- https://youtu.be/av_9D3mZ3wQ?feature=shared
Topic: Artificial Intelligence

Pretty Cartoons
Why would you accept an AI generated image of your deceased family member which was made from data taken from various unrelated photographic and non-photographic sources when you may already possess a real photograph of that person or their immediate descendant? Then don't. Protest about this to the National Trust of Tasmania, to the Australian Research Council and the Australian Copyright Council.

No extent of warnings that the images created are FAKE will ever account for Hamish Maxwell-Stewart's waste of public research money in this, his latest attempt at messing up the digital environment with FAKE images of your deceased family members which he has assigned to YOUR REAL FAMILY NAMES. These images are FICTIONS playing with eugenics and phrenology all over again, this time with a new toy called ChatGPT. The resultant image of YOUR CONVICT is a pretty cartoon akin to the coloured drawings created by Simon Barnard's representation of convicts in his illustrated book Convict tattoos : marked men and women of Australia, (Melbourne, Vic. The Text Publishing Company, 2016.) Website: https://www.simonbarnard.com.au/product/convict-tattoos/

In a new exhibition assisted by Andrew Redfern called UNSHACKLED (2023) proposed for the National Trust at the old Penitentiary, Hobart Gaol, Campbell Street, Maxwell-Stewart wants you to believe this nonsensical indulgence is worthwhile. No it isn't. It's a waste of time and money, with no authentic historical merit and no apology for any distress he is causing to bearers of those family names. Maxwell-Stewart has created FAKE images of 19th Tasmanian prisoners to show YOU what your ancestor MIGHT have looked like, subsuming in the process those real photographs already extant in Australian public collections, correctly attributed to government contractor Thomas J. Nevin taken in the 1870s, and now building on a previous mess of FAKE and homogenised "Port Arthur offenders" images of 1870s prisoners that Maxwell-Stewart and Godfrey developed for an earlier exhibition held there at the Old Penitentiary in 2019.

The field called criminal anthropology (to which this project affects an affiliation) long ago discredited Lombroso's stereotype, the "criminal type", with Goring's study published in 1913 of  statistics gathered from 3000 prisoners in British prisons over a ten year-period:


Dr. Charles Goring, Deputy Medical Officer of H. M. Prison, London, in the Most Important Contribution of Recent Years to Criminology Upsets Accepted Theories Through Statistics Gathered from 3,000 Convicts.



"THERE IS NO CRIMINAL TYPE," SAYS PRISON EXPERT
THE NEW YORK TIMES
November 2, 1913, Sunday Section: Magazine Section, Page SM13, 4250 words
THE 'criminal type' is an anthropological monster. There is no such thing as a criminal type.' In other words, the criminal is a normal person, not markedly different from the rest of humanity who have managed to keep out of prison. In other words, there are in ministers and Cambridge undergraduates and college professors the making of pickpockets and thieves, as well as murderers and forgers...
Read about the REAL photographs of Tasmanian prisoners ("convicts" in tourism discourse) taken by government contractor Thomas J. NEVIN in the 1870s-1880:

- https://tasmanianphotographer.blogspot.com/2008/07/the-parkhurst-prisoners-anthropometry.html
- https://tasmanianphotographer.blogspot.com/2019/07/exhibition-2019-t-j-nevins-mugshot-of.html.
- https://prisonerpics.blogspot.com/.
- https://thomasnevin.com/category/19th-century-prison-photography/

Clip: Beware AI generated images of your criminal ancestors! #1



Clip uploaded to Thomas Nevin's Youtube channel:
- https://www.youtube.com/@klwnfcgroup/featured
- https://youtu.be/av_9D3mZ3wQ?si=-3Hmzr1syfiYEB5k

Note here Maxwell-Stewart's assumption that his gratuitous act of using the NAMES and photographic records of REAL people and their families to attach to his AI generated FANTASY IMAGES of their ancestors is perfectly fine. It is not. He is breaching their moral rights and their copyright.

TRANSCRIPT
0:00 so I wanted to quickly say a little bit
0:02 about how we're generating those images
0:03 so the the AI takes the physical
0:06 description from the record the age of
0:09 the prisoner and where they're born and
0:11 it matches them to 19th century prison
0:14 and other photographs that we've
0:17 harvested online now again as we get
0:20 better at this what I want to do is to
0:23 create our own
0:25 um resource of images
0:28 um so that we can fine-tune this
0:31 experience but the images of individual
0:34 convicts have been created by merging
0:36 multiple photographs which share
0:38 characteristics
with their record
0:41 and the faces that have been generated
0:43 are really quite striking so this is um
0:46 one we generated for William Allen and
0:48 again this is almost certainly not what
0:50 William Allen would have looked like
but
0:52 I think it's it's best seen as the AI's
0:54 best guess at what he might have looked
0:56 like
0:58 and this allows us to um you know we're
1:01 playing around with slogans now for this
1:03 experience
1:11 and we can also do this so this is
1:13 Michael Heath who's one of our amazing
1:16 volunteers there are about 40 volunteers
1:19 who just pump data into various um
1:22 projects that digital history Tasmania
1:24 is focusing on
1:26 um Michael like many of you are the
1:27 volunteers who who spend time with with
1:30 DHT
1:32 um is a descendant of a convict and so
1:34 we fed his photograph into the AI and
1:37 this is the the image that the AI came
1:40 up with for his
1:42 convict ancestor and I think this gives
1:45 you an indication of how we can we can
1:47 get better at this image Generation by
1:49 seeding more and more photographs in we
1:52 want to use the photographs that James [sic - John]
1:55 Watt Beattie took uh Tasmanians in the
1:58 1890s because we'll know a lot about
2:01 their descent to fine-tune this process
2:04 um even further
2:07 and here you can see a whole lot more of
2:10 these and we're hoping that that this
2:13 the AI will provide a new way for
2:16 visitors to Hobart to engage with the
2:19 convict past and to actually understand
2:21 the work that family historians and
2:23 academic historians have done ...
Source: Beware AI generated images of your criminal ancestors! #1
Thomas J. Nevin: https://youtu.be/av_9D3mZ3wQ?si=-3Hmzr1syfiYEB5k

What is the point of this expensive project, apart from Maxwell-Stewart's personal motivation to prolong his academic career in the space of penal history? Attendees at this talk expressed strong misgivings that the CREATED IMAGES of their ancestors, using both mugshots and family photographs, will not be fully understood as AI FICTIONS when viewed and copied. These are some of their questions and responses from Maxwell-Stewart and Andrew Redfern:



Clip: Beware AI generated images of your criminal ancestors! #2
https://youtu.be/yhiCaXMadqk?si=3FGNzVZWBDVhjALp

TRANSCRIPT
0:01 uh where there are known photographs of
0:04 convicts I have one of a convict as an
0:06 older man could these be compared with
0:09 an AI generated image to test the
0:12 accuracy
0:15 um yes so one of the things that AI can
0:17 do is unage a photograph
0:20 and so
0:22 um yeah that's I think great potential
0:25 for using photographs taken at different
0:27 stages in life to try and reconstruct
0:31 what somebody might have looked like at
0:32 a younger age
0:35 and I think your example to Hamish of
0:37 the um your volunteer that you uploaded
0:40 his photo and then generated the
0:42 ancestor I think that's a great example
0:44 of that as well where the the two yes it
0:47 can sort of take Modern Images or other
0:49 images and then cross-reference and
0:51 correlate
0:54 and there's a great line in in the chat
0:56 as well for Maureen about
0:58 um how do we prevent these being passed
1:00 ff as the real images online and I mean
1:02 I think that's a that is a huge danger
1:04 and so as a community I think that we
1:06 have to construct guidelines for the use
1:10 of all of this
1:11 um you know when the penitentiary
1:14 experience on Chapel goes live we need
1:16 to have a
1:17 um a statement about how these images
1:19 were created and they're not what the
1:22 individual would have looked like but
1:24 it's using the best tools in order to
1:27 try and imagine what they might have
1:28 looked like
1:30 um and there's a a an interesting little
1:34 line from Michelle there as well which
1:36 um I totally agree with and we we tend
1:38 to We tend to there's a danger of
1:40 thinking that particularly paintings or
1:43 newspaper images of convicts that were
1:46 done at the time are the Real McCoy
1:49 whereas of course they are often very
1:52 strongly influenced by people's um
1:55 attitudes towards um convicts or people
1:58 of various classes or in different
1:59 people of different Sexes and so you
2:02 know using the originals doesn't
2:04 necessarily get us out of the minefield
2:07 hmm and Fran has also asked will the
2:11 images be marked saying that they're
2:13 produced by AI
I guess that is related
2:17 to what tool you're using
2:19 yes most definitely we will
2:24 um yes and um that's been
2:27 um we're certainly working going back
2:31 now and doing any images that we've uh
2:33 generated through the Ironclad
2:34 Sisterhood project we're going to
2:36 explicitly have I mean it says it on the
2:38 web page that they're AI but we're
2:40 actually going to put it on each
2:41 individual photo
as well so that if they
2:44 do get copied uh which I'm sure we've
2:47 all had that happen with you know people
2:49 copying things in online trees that at
2:52 least hopefully that will alert others
2:56 that they
2:57 um artificially intelligent intelligence
3:00 generated images
3:02 hmm
Youtube and transcript source:
Beware AI generated images of your criminal ancestors! #2
https://youtu.be/yhiCaXMadqk?si=3FGNzVZWBDVhjALp

RELATED POSTS main weblog